Adams, Rachel. “The Black Look and 'The Spectacle of Whitefolks': Wildness in Toni Morrison's Beloved.” Skin Deep, Spirit Strong: The Black Female Body. Ed. Kimberly Wallace-Sanders. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 2002.
Argyros, Ellen. “'Some Epic use of My Excellent Body': Redefining Childbirth as Heroic in Beloved and 'The Language of the Brag'.” This Giving Birth: Pregnancy and Childbirth in American Women's Writing. Ed. Julie Tharp and Susan MacCallum-Whitcomb. Bowling Green, OH: Popular, 2000.
Ashley, Kathleen M. “Toni Morrison's Tricksters.” Uneasy Alliance: Twentieth-Century American Literature: Culture and Biography. Ed. Hans Bak. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2004.
Ashley, Kathleen. “Toni Morrison in Trickster-Hahmot; Vieraaseen Kotiin: Kulttuurinen Identiteetti Ja Muuttoliike Kirjallisuudessa.” University of Turku School of Art Studies: Series A. Ed. Pirjo Ahokas and Lotta Kähkönen. Turku, Finland: University of Turku, 2003.
Atkinson, Yvonne. “Language that Bears Witness: The Black English Oral Tradition in the Works of Toni Morrison.” The Aesthetics of Toni Morrison: Speaking the Unspeakable. Ed. Marc C. Conner. Jackson: UP of Mississippi, 2000.
Awkward, Michael. “'Unruly and Let Loose': Myth, Ideology, and Gender in Song of Solomon.” Toni Morrison's “Song of Solomon”: A Casebook. Ed. Jan Furman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003.
Backes, Nancy. “Growing Up Desperately: The Adolescent 'Other' in the Novels of Paule Marshall, Toni Morrison, and Michelle Cliff.” Women of Color: Defining the Issues, Hearing the Voices. Ed. Diane Long Hoeveler, Janet K. Boles, and Toni-Michelle C. Travis. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2001.
Berry, Wes. “Toni Morrison's Revisionary 'Nature Writing': Song of Solomon and the Blasted Pastoral.” South to a New Place: Region, Literature, Culture; Southern Literary Studies. Ed. Suzanne W. Jones, Sharon Monteith, and Richard Gray. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State UP, 2002.
Bhabha, Homi. “The World and the Home.” Close Reading: The Reader. Ed. Frank Lentricchia and Andrew DuBois. Durham: Duke UP, 2003.
Bleich, David. “What Literature is 'Ours?’” Reading Sites: Social Difference and Reader Response. Ed. Patrocinio P. Schweickart and Elizabeth A. Flynn. New York: MLA, 2004.
Boudreau, Kristin. “Pain and the Unmaking of Self in Toni Morrison's Beloved.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Boutry, Katherine. “Black and Blue: The Female Body of Blues Writing in Jean Toomer, Toni Morrison, and Gayl Jones.” Black Orpheus: Music in African American Fiction from the Harlem Renaissance to Toni Morrison. Ed. Saadi A. Simawe and Daniel Albright. New York: Garland, 2000.
Brenner, Gerry. “Song of Solomon: Rejecting Rank's Monomyth and Feminism.” Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon. Ed. Jan Furman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003.
Bump, Jeromo. “Family Systems Therapy and Narrative in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye.” Reading the Family Dance: Family Systems Therapy and Literary Study. Ed. John V. Knapp and Kenneth Womack. Newark: U of Delaware P; Associated UP, 2003.
Chen, Ping. “Colorfully Embelished and Elaborately Carved: Beloved as Postmodern Narrative about Slave Experience.” Re-Reading America: Changes and Challenges. Ed. Weihe Zhong and Rui Han. Cheltenham, Eng.: Reardon, 2004.
Conner, Marc C. “From the Sublime to the Beautiful: The Aesthetic Progression of Toni Morrison.” The Aesthetics of Toni Morrison: Speaking the Unspeakable. Ed. Marc C. Conner. Jackson: UP of Mississippi, 2000.
---. “Wild Women and Graceful Girls: Toni Morrison’s Winter’s Tale.” Nature and the Art of Women. Ed. Eduardo Velasquez. NJ: Rowman and Littlefield, 2000.
Corey, Susan. “Toward the Limits of Mystery: The Grotesque in Toni Morrison's Beloved.” The Aesthetics of Toni Morrison: Speaking the Unspeakable. Ed. Marc C. Conner. Jackson: UP of Mississippi, 2000.
Darroch, Fiona. “Re-Reading the Religious Bodies of Postcolonial Literature; the Politics of English as a World Language: New Horizons in Postcolonial Cultural Studies.” Cross/Cultures: Readings in the Post/Colonial Literatures in English; ASNEL Papers. Ed. Christian Mair. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2003.
Davis, Kimberly Chabot. “'Postmodern Blackness': Toni Morrison's Beloved and the End of History.” Productive Postmodernism: Consuming Histories and Cultural Studies. Ed. John N. Duvall and Linda Hutcheon. Albany: State U of New York P, 2002.
DeLamotte, Eugenia. “White Terror, Black Dreams: Gothic Constructions of Race in the Nineteenth Century.” The Gothic Other: Racial and Social Constructions in the Literary Imagination. Ed. Ruth Bienstock Anolik and Douglas L. Howard. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2004.
DiBattista, Maria. “Contentions in the House of Chloe: Morrison's Tar Baby.” The Aesthetics of Toni Morrison: Speaking the Unspeakable. Ed. Marc C. Conner. Jackson: UP of Mississippi, 2000.
Dickerson, Vanessa D. “Summoning SomeBody: The Flesh made Word in Toni Morrison's Fiction.” Recovering the Black Female Body: Self-Representations by African American Women. Ed. Michael Bennett, Vanessa D. Dickerson, and Carla L. Peterson. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers UP, 2001.
Dudley, David. “Toni Morrison (1931- ).” Gothic Writers: A Critical and Bibliographical Guide. Ed. Douglass H. Thomson, Jack G. Voller, and Frederick S. Frank. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2002.
Duvall, John N. “Doe Hunting and Masculinity: Song of Solomon and Go Down, Moses.” Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon: A Casebook. Ed. Jan Furman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003.
---“Postmodern Yoknapatawpha: William Faulkner as Usable Past.” Faulkner and Postmodernism: Faulkner and Yoknapatawpha, 1999. Ed. John N. Duvall and Ann J. Abadie. Jackson: UP of Mississippi, 2002.
Elbert, Monika M. “Toni Morrison's Beloved (1987): Maternal Possibilities, Sisterly Bonding.” Women in Literature: Reading through the Lens of Gender. Ed. Jerilyn Fisher, Ellen S. Silber, and David Sadker. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2003.
Fleming, Kathryn R. “Exorcising Institutionalized Ghosts and Redefining Female Identity in Mariama Bâ's So Long a Letter and Toni Morrison's Beloved.” Emerging Perspectives on Mariama Bâ: Postcolonialism, Feminism, and Postmodernism. Ed. Ada Uzoamaka Azodo. Trenton, NJ: Africa World, 2003.
Fulweiler, Howard W. “Belonging and Freedom in Morrison's Beloved: Slavery, Sentimentality, and the Evolution of Consciousness.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Ghaly, Salwa. “Evil Encounters with 'Others' in Tayeb Salih and Toni Morrison: The Case of Mustafa Saeed and Sula Peace.” This Thing of Darkness: Perspectives on Evil and Human Wickedness. Ed. Richard Paul Hamilton and Margaret Sönser Breen. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2004.
Gillespie, Diane. “Who Cares? Women-Centered Pyschology in Sula.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Missy Dehn Kubitshek, Solomon O. Iyasere, and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Gourdine, Angeletta KM. “Colored Readings; Or, Interpretation and the Raciogendered Body.” Reading Sites: Social Difference and Reader Response. Ed. Patrocinio P. Schweickart and Elizabeth A. Flynn. New York: MLA, 2004.
Guth, Deborah. “A Blessing and a Burden: The Relation to the Past in Sula, Song of Solomon and Beloved.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Gwin, Minrose C. “'Hereisthehouse': Cultural Spaces of Incest in The Bluest Eye.” Incest and the Literary Imagination. Ed. Elizabeth Barnes. Gainesville: UP of Florida, 2002.
Hébert, Kimberly G. “Acting the Nigger: Topsy, Shirley Temple, and Toni Morrison's Pecola.” Approaches to Teaching Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin: Approaches to Teaching World Literature. Ed. Elizabeth Ammons and Susan Belasco. New York: MLA, 2000.
Henderson, Mae Gwendolyn. “Speaking in Tongues: Dialogics, Dialectics, and the Black Woman Writer's Literary Tradition.” African American Literary Theory: A Reader. Ed. Winston Napier. New York: New York UP, 2000.
Hogle, Jerrold E. “Teaching the African American Gothic: From its Multiple Sources to Linden Hills and Beloved.” Approaches to Teaching Gothic Fiction: The British and American Traditions. Ed. Diane Long Hoeveler and Tamar Heller. New York: MLA, 2003.
Holloway, Karla F. C. “Cultural Narratives Passed on: African American Mourning Stories.” African American Literary Theory: A Reader. Ed. Winston Napier. New York: New York UP, 2000.
Hove, Thomas B. “Toni Morrison.” Postmodernism: The Key Figures. Ed. Hans Bertens and Joseph Natoli. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2002.
Hunt, Kristin. “Paradise Lost: The Destructive Forces of Double Consciousness and Boundaries in Toni Morrison's Paradise.” Reading Under the Sign of Nature: New Essays in Ecocriticism. Ed. John Tallmadge and Henry Harrington. Salt Lake City: U of Utah P, 2000.
Jay, Elisabeth. “Why 'Remember Lot's Wife'? Religious Identity and the Literary Canon.” Literary Canons and Religious Identity. Ed. Erik Borgman, Bart Philipsen, and Lea Verstricht. Aldershot, Eng.: Ashgate, 2000.
Jeremiah, Emily. “Murderous Mothers: Adrienne Rich's Of Woman Born and Toni Morrison's Beloved.” From Motherhood to Mothering: The Legacy of Adrienne Rich's Of Woman Born. Ed. Andrea O'Reilly. Albany: State U of New York P, 2004.
Johnson, Barbara. “'Aesthetic' and 'Rapport' in Toni Morrison's Sula.” The Aesthetics of Toni Morrison: Speaking the Unspeakable. Ed. Marc C. Conner. Jackson: UP of Mississippi, 2000.
Jones, Carolyn M. “Sula and Beloved: Images of Cain in the Novels of Toni Morrison.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Kardux, Joke. “Tussen Heden En Verleden: 'Double-Consciousness' in Toni Morrison’s Beloved.” Tussen Twee Werelden: Het Gevoel Van Ontheemding in De Postkoloniale Literatuur; Semaian. Ed. Theo D'haen and Peter Liebregts. Leiden, Netherlands: Opleiding Talen en Culturen van Zuidoost-Azië en Oceanië, U Leiden, 2001.
Kaufman, Rona. “'That, My Dear, is Called Reading': Oprah's Book Club and the Construction of a Readership.” Reading Sites: Social Difference and Reader Response. Ed. Patrocinio P. Schweickart and Elizabeth A. Flynn. New York: MLA, 2004.
Klooss, Wolfgang. “Difference and Dignity: Problems of (Inter-)Cultural Understanding in British and North American Literature.” New Worlds: Discovering and Constructing the Unknown in Anglophone Literature; Schriften Der Philosophischen Fakultäten Der Universität Augsburg. Ed. Martin Kuester, Gabriele Christ, and Rudolf Beck. Munich: Vögel, 2000.
Krumholz, Linda. “Dead Teachers: Rituals of Manhood and Rituals of Reading in Song of Solomon.” Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon: A Casebook; Casebooks in Criticism. Ed. Jan Furman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003.
Lee, Catherine Carr. “The South in Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon: Initiation, Healing, and Home.” Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon: A Casebook; Casebooks in Criticism. Ed. Jan Furman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003.
Lee, Rachel C. “Missing Peace in Toni Morrison's Sula and Beloved.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Lehmann, Elmar. “Remembering the Past: Toni Morrison's Version of the Historical Novel.” Lineages of the Novel. Ed. Bernhard Reitz and Eckart Voigts-Virchow. Trier, Germany: Wissenschaftlicher, 2000.
Lenz, Günter H. “Middle Passages: Histories, Re-Memories, and Black Diasporas in Novels by Toni Morrison, Charles Johnson, and Caryl Phillips.” Crabtracks: Progress and Process in Teaching the New Literatures in English. Ed. Gordon Collier and Frank Schulze-Engler. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2002.
Lester, Cheryl. “Meditations on ‘A Bird in the Hand’: Ethics and Aesthetics in a Parable by Toni Morrison.” The Aesthetics of Toni Morrison: Speaking the Unspeakable. Ed. Marc C. Conner. Jackson: UP of Mississippi, 2000.
Luczak, Ewa. “Defence of Repetition, Or Toni Morrison as an Oral Artist.” Reflections on Ethical Values in Post(?) Modern American Literature; Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Slaskiego w Katowicach. Ed. Teresa Pyzik and Pawel Jedrzejko. Katowice, Poland: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Slaskiego, 2000.
Luebke, Steven R. “The Portrayal of Sexuality in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye.” Censored Books, II: Critical Viewpoints, 1985-2000. Ed. Nicholas J. Karolides and Nat Hentoff. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow, 2002.
MacKethan, Lucinda H. “Names to Bear Witness: The Theme and Tradition of Naming in Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon.” Toni Morrison's “Song of Solomon”: A Casebook. Ed. Jan Furman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003.
Malcolm, Cheryl Alexander. “Family Values? Father/Daughter Seduction in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye and Milcha Sanchez-Scott's Roosters.” Reflections on Ethical Values in Post(?) Modern American Literature; Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Slaskiego w Katowicach. Ed. Teresa Pyzik and Pawel Jedrzejko. Katowice, Poland: Wydawnictwo U Slaskiego, 2000.
Malmgren, Carl D. “Mixed Genres and the Logic of Slavery in Toni Morrison's Beloved.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Martin, Florence. “'It's Not Everything You can Talk, but...': Francophone Women's Fin-De-Siècle Narratives.” North-South Linkages and Connections in Continental and Diaspora African Literatures; African Literature Association Annual Series. Ed. Edris Makward, Mark L. Lilleleht, and Ahmed Saber. Trenton, NJ: Africa World, 2005.
McGhee, Kimberly. “Tales of Betrayal; the Conscience of Humankind.” Textxet: Studies in Comparative Literature. Ed. Elrud Ibsch, Douwe Fokkema, and Joachim von der Thüsen. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2000.
McKenzie, Marilyn Mobley. “Spaces for Readers: The Novels of Toni Morrison.” The Cambridge Companion to the African American Novel. Ed. Maryemma Graham. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2004.
---. “'The Dangerous Journey': Toni Morrison's Reading of Sapphira and the Slave Girl.” Willa Cather's Southern Connections: New Essays on Cather and the South. Ed. Ann Romines. Charlottesville: UP of Virginia, 2000.
Middleton, Joyce Irene. “'Both Print and Oral' and 'Talking about Race': Transforming Toni Morrison's Language Issues into Teaching Issues.” African American Rhetoric(s): Interdisciplinary Perspectives. Ed. Elaine B. Richardson, et al. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 2004.
---. “Toni Morrison and 'Race Matters' Rhetoric: Reading Race and Whiteness in Visual Culture.” Calling Cards: Theory and Practice in the Study of Race, Gender, and Culture. Ed. Jacqueline Jones Royster and Ann Marie Mann Simpkins. Albany: State U of New York P, 2005.
Mitchell, Carolyn A. “'I Love to Tell the Story': Biblical Revisions in Beloved.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Mohanty, Satya P. “The Epistemic Status of Cultural Identity: On Beloved and the Postcolonial Condition.” Reclaiming Identity: Realist Theory and the Predicament of Postmodernism. Ed. Paula M. L. Moya and Michael R. Hames-García. Berkeley: U of California P, 2000.
Moreland, Richard C. “Faulkner's Continuing Education: From Self-Reflection to Embarrassment.” Faulkner at 100: Retrospect and Prospect. Ed. Donald M. Kartiganer and Ann J. Abadie. Jackson: UP of Mississippi, 2000.
Mori, Aoi. “Kyoki to Rejisutansu: Toni Morisun no 'Jazu' Ni Okeru Kyoki.” Amerika Bungaku to Kyoki. Ed. Hironori Hayase. Tokyo: Eihosha, 2000.
Nicol, Kathryn. “Visible Differences: Viewing Racial Identity in Toni Morrison's Paradise and 'Recitatif'.” Literature and Racial Ambiguity; Rodopi Perspectives on Modern Literature. Ed. Teresa Hubel and Neil Brooks. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2002.
O'Reilly, Andrea. “Maternal Conceptions in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye and Tar Baby: 'A Woman has to be a Daughter before She can be any Kind of Woman'.” This Giving Birth: Pregnancy and Childbirth in American Women's Writing. Ed. Julie Tharp and Susan MacCallum-Whitcomb. Bowling Green, OH: Popular, 2000.
Paquaretta, Paul. “African-Native American Subjectivity and the Blues Voice in the Writings of Toni Morrison and Sherman Alexie.” When Brer Rabbit Meets Coyote: African-Native American Literature. Ed. Jonathan Brennan. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 2003.
Peach, Linden. “Toni Morrison: Beloved.” Literature in Context. Ed. Rick Rylance and Judy Simons. Basingstoke, Eng.: Palgrave, 2001.
Phelan, James. “Sethe's Choice: Beloved and the Ethics of Reading.” Mapping the Ethical Turn: A Reader in Ethics, Culture, and Literary Theory. Ed. Todd F. Davis and Kenneth Womack. Charlottesville: UP of Virginia, 2001.
Pitavy, François. “From Middle Passage to Holocaust: The Black Body as a Site of Memory.” Sites of Memory in American Literatures and Cultures; American Studies: A Monograph Series. Ed. Udo J. Hebel. Heidelberg, Germany: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, 2003.
Powell, Betty Jane. “'Will the Parts Hold?': The Journey Toward a Coherent Self in Beloved.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Reddy, Maureen T. “The Triple Plot and Center of Sula.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Reid, Suzanne Elizabeth. “Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon: An African American Epic.” Censored Books, II: Critical Viewpoints, 1985-2000. Ed. Nicholas J. Karolides and Nat Hentoff. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow, 2002.
Reinikainen, Hanna. “Embodiment of Trauma: Corporeality in Toni Morrison's Beloved.” Close Encounters of an Other Kind: New Perspectives on Race, Ethnicity, and American Studies; Joensuun Yliopisto, Kirjallisuuden Ja Kulttuurin Tutkimuksia, Studies in Literature and Culture. Ed. Roy Goldblatt, et al. Joensuu, Finland: Faculty of Humanities, U of Joensuu, 2005.
Rice, Alan J. “”It Don't Mean a Thing if it Ain't Got that Swing': Jazz's Many Uses for Toni Morrison.” Black Orpheus: Music in African American Fiction from the Harlem Renaissance to Toni Morrison; Border Crossings. Ed. Saadi A. Simawe and Daniel Albright. New York: Garland, 2000.
Rodrigues, Eusebio L. “The Telling of Beloved.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Rody, Caroline. “Toni Morrison's Beloved: History, 'Rememory,' and a 'Clamor for a Kiss'.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Schapiro, Barbara. “The Bonds of Love and the Boundaries of Self in Toni Morrison's Beloved.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Schappell, Elissa. “Toni Morrison: The Art of Fiction.” Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon: A Casebook. Ed. Jan Furman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003.
Schopp, Andrew. “Narrative Control and Subjectivity: Dismantling Safety in Toni Morrison's Beloved.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Sherman, Sarah Way. “Religion, the Body, and Consumer Culture in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye.” Religion in America: European and American Perspectives; European Contributions to American Studies. Ed. Hans Krabbendam and Derek Rubin. Amsterdam: VU UP, 2004.
Smith, Valerie. “The Quest for and Discovery of Identity in Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon.” Toni Morrison's “Song of Solomon”: A Casebook. Ed. Jan Furman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003.
Spearey, Susan. “Substantiating Discourses of Emergence: Corporeality, Spectrality and Postmodern Historiography in Toni Morrison's Beloved.” Body Matters: Feminism, Textuality, Corporeality. Ed. Avril Horner and Angela Keane. Manchester: Manchester UP, 2000.
Stanford, Ann Folwell. “'Death is a Skipped Meal Compared to this': Food and Hunger in Toni Morrison's Beloved.” Scenes of the Apple: Food and the Female Body in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Women's Writing. Ed. Tamar Heller and Patricia Moran. Albany: State U of New York P, 2003.
Stein, Karen F. “Toni Morrison's Sula: A Black Women's Epic.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Stern, Katherine. “Toni Morrison's Beauty Formula.” The Aesthetics of Toni Morrison: Speaking the Unspeakable. Ed. Marc C. Conner. Jackson: UP of Mississippi, 2000.
Stone, Marjorie. “Between Ethics and Anguish: Feminist Ethics, Feminist Aesthetics, and Representations of Infanticide in 'The Runaway Slave at Pilgrim's Point' and Beloved.” Between Ethics and Aesthetics. Ed. Dorota Glowacka and Stephen Boos. Albany: State U of New York P, 2002.
Stout, Janis P. “Playing in the Mother Country: Cather, Morrison, and the Return to Virginia.” Willa Cather's Southern Connections: New Essays on Cather and the South. Ed. Ann Romines. Charlottesville: UP of Virginia, 2000.
Stryz, Jan. “The Other Ghost in Beloved: The Specter of the Scarlet Letter (1991).” The New Romanticism: A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Eberhard Alsen. New York: Garland, 2000.
Sullivan-Haller, Mary. “Ethical Authority and Women Writers of Color.” Women of Color: Defining the Issues, Hearing the Voices; Contributions in Women's Studies. Ed. Diane Long Hoeveler, Janet K. Boles, and Toni-Michelle C. Travis. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2001.
Tally, Justine. “The Nature of Erotica in Toni Morrison's Paradise and the Em-Body-Ment of Feminist Thought.” Eros.Usa: Essays on the Culture and Literature of Desire. Ed. Cheryl Alexander Malcolm, Jopi Nyman, and Heinz Ickstadt. Gdansk, Poland: Wydawnictwo U Gdanskiego, 2005.
---. “Reality and Discourse in Toni Morrison's Trilogy: Testing the Limits.” Literature and Ethnicity in the Cultural Borderlands; Rodopi Perspectives on Modern Literature. Ed. Jesús Benito and Anna María Manzanas. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2002.
Taylor, Paul C. “Malcolm's Conk and Danto's Colors; Or, Four Logical Petitions Concerning Race, Beauty, and Aesthetics.” African American Literary Theory: A Reader. Ed. Winston Napier. New York: New York UP, 2000.
Toman, Marshall B. “Un-Beloved?” Censored Books, II: Critical Viewpoints, 1985-2000. Ed. Nicholas J. Karolides and Nat Hentoff. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow, 2002.
Toutonghi, Pauls Harijs. “Toni Morrison's Beloved.” American Writers Classics, I. Ed. Jay Parini. New York: Thomson Gale, 2003.
Valkeakari, Tuire. “Subjektina Ihminen: Musta Teksti Mustan Päällä Toni Morrison in Beloved-Romaanissa.” Subjektia Rakentamassa: Tutkielmia Minuudesta Teksteissä; University of Turku School of Art Studies: Series A. Ed. Tomi Kaarto and Lasse Kekki. Turku, Finland: U of Turku, 2000.
Vallas, Stacey. “The Ghosts of Slavery.” Gendered Memories; Textxet: Studies in Comparative Literature. Ed. John Neubauer and Helga Geyer-Ryan. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2000.
Vickroy, Laurie. “The Force Outside/The Force Inside: Mother-Love and Regenerative Spaces in Sula and Beloved.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Waegner, Cathy. “Toni Morrison and the 'Other'-Reader: Oprah Winfrey and Marcel Reich-Ranicki as Mediators?” Holding their Own: Perspectives on the Multi-Ethnic Literatures of the United States; ZAA Studies: Language Literature Culture. Ed. Dorothea Fischer-Hornung and Heike Raphael-Hernandez. Tübingen, Germany: Stauffenburg, 2000.
Walker, Margaret Urban. “Moral Repair and its Limits.” Mapping the Ethical Turn: A Reader in Ethics, Culture, and Literary Theory. Ed. Todd F. Davis and Kenneth Womack. Charlottesville: UP of Virginia, 2001.
Wallace, Kathleen R. “The Novels of Toni Morrison: 'Wild Wilderness Where There was None.’” Beyond Nature Writings: Expanding the Boundaries of Ecocriticism; Under the Sign of Nature. Ed. Karla Armbruster and Kathleen R. Wallace. Charlottesville: UP of Virginia, 2001.
Wang, Xiaoying. “Tar Baby: A Modern Black Fable.” Re-Reading America: Changes and Challenges. Ed. Weihe Zhong and Rui Han. Cheltenham, Eng.: Reardon, 2004.
Warner, Anne. “New Myths and Ancient Properties: The Fiction of Toni Morrison.” Twayne Companion to Contemporary Literature in English, I: Ammons-Lurie; II: Macleod-Williams. Ed. R. H. W. Dillard and Amanda Cockrell. New York: Twayne; Thomson Gale, 2002.
Waxman, Barbara Frey. “Girls into Women: Culture, Nature, and Self-Loathing in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye (1970).” Women in Literature: Reading through the Lens of Gender. Ed. Jerilyn Fisher, Ellen S. Silber, and David Sadker. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2003.
Weems, Renita. “'Artists Without Art Form': A Look at One Black Woman's World of Unrevered Black Women.” Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology. Ed. Barbara Smith. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers UP, 2000.
Wegs, Joyce M. “Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon: A Blues Song.” Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon: A Casebook; Casebooks in Criticism. Ed. Jan Furman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003.
Wilentz, Gay. “Civilizations Underneath: African Heritage as Cultural Discourse in Toni Morrison's Song of Solomon.” Toni Morrison's “Song of Solomon”: A Casebook; Casebooks in Criticism. Ed. Jan Furman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003.
Willis, Susan. “Eruptions of Funk: Historicising Toni Morrison.” Reading the Past: Literature and History; Readers in Cultural Criticism. Ed. Tamsin Spargo and Catherine Belsey. Basingstoke, Eng.: Palgrave, 2000.
Wilson, Jean. “Toni Morrison: Re-Visionary Words with Power.” Frye and the Word: Religious Contexts in the Writings of Northrop Frye; Frye Studies. Ed. Jeffery Donaldson and Alan Mendelson. Toronto: U of Toronto P, 2003.
---. “Toni Morrison's Beloved: A Love Story.” The Conscience of Humankind; Textxet: Studies in Comparative Literature. Ed. Elrud Ibsch, Douwe Fokkema, and Joachim von der Thüsen. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2000.
Wolff, Janice M. “Teaching in the Contact Zone: The Myth of Safe Houses.” Professing in the Contact Zone: Bringing Theory and Practice Together. Ed. Janice M. Wolff, Patricia Bizzell, and Richard E. Miller. Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English, 2002.
Wood, Michael. “Sensations of Loss.” The Aesthetics of Toni Morrison: Speaking the Unspeakable. Ed. Marc C. Conner. Jackson: UP of Mississippi, 2000.
Wyatt, Jean. “Giving Body to the Word: The Maternal Symbolic in Toni Morrison's Beloved.” Understanding Toni Morrison's Beloved and Sula: Selected Essays and Criticisms of the Works by the Nobel Prize-Winning Author. Ed. Solomon O. Iyasere and Marla W. Iyasere. Troy, NY: Whitston, 2000.
Yohe, Kristine. “Toni Morrison.” The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Literature. Ed. Jay Parini. Vol. 3. New York: Oxford UP, 2003.
Zhou, Jingqiong. “Social Gaze in the Lives of the Fragmented Characters of the Jazz Age: Visual Image and the Characters in The Great Gatsby and Jazz.” Re-Reading America: Changes and Challenges. Ed. Weihe Zhong and Rui Han. Cheltenham, Eng.: Reardon, 2004.